15责任链模式

简介

两种实现方式：链表、数组

链表存储处理器

public abstract class Handler {
  protected Handler successor = null;
  public void setSuccessor(Handler successor) {
    this.successor = successor;
  }
  public final void handle() {
    boolean handled = doHandle();
    if (successor != null && !handled) {
      successor.handle();
    }
  }
  protected abstract boolean doHandle();
}
public class HandlerA extends Handler {
  @Override
  protected boolean doHandle() {
    boolean handled = false;
    //...
    return handled;
  }
}
public class HandlerB extends Handler {
  @Override
  protected boolean doHandle() {
    boolean handled = false;
    //...
    return handled;
  }
}

public class HandlerChain {
  private Handler head = null;
  private Handler tail = null;
  public void addHandler(Handler handler) {
    handler.setSuccessor(null);
    if (head == null) {
      head = handler;
      tail = handler;
      return;
    }
    tail.setSuccessor(handler);
    tail = handler;
  }
  public void handle() {
    if (head != null) {
      head.handle();
    }
  }
}

// 使用举例
public class Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    HandlerChain chain = new HandlerChain();
    chain.addHandler(new HandlerA());
    chain.addHandler(new HandlerB());
    chain.handle();
  }
}

数组存储处理器

public interface IHandler {
  boolean handle();
}

public class HandlerA implements IHandler {
  @Override
  public boolean handle() {
    boolean handled = false;
    //...
    return handled;
  }
}

public class HandlerB implements IHandler {
  @Override
  public boolean handle() {
    boolean handled = false;
    //...
    return handled;
  }
}

public class HandlerChain {
  private List<IHandler> handlers = new ArrayList<>();
  public void addHandler(IHandler handler) {
    this.handlers.add(handler);
  }
  public void handle() {
    for (IHandler handler : handlers) {
      boolean handled = handler.handle();
      if (handled) {
        break;
      }
    }
  }
}

// 使用举例
public class Application {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    HandlerChain chain = new HandlerChain();
    chain.addHandler(new HandlerA());
    chain.addHandler(new HandlerB());
    chain.handle();
  }
}

应用场景

过滤器、拦截器

Servlet Filter	→	→	Servlet.service()	→	SpringMVC dispatcher	→	preHandle
						↓
Servlet Filter	←	afterCompletion	渲染视图	←	postHandle	←	Controller业务代码

Spring框架中，DispatcherServlet.doDispatch()方法来分发请求，它在真正的业务逻辑执行前后，执行HandlerExecutionChain中applyPreHandle()和applyPostHandle()函数，用来实现拦截的功能

Spring Interceptor底层实现

Servlet Filter是Servlet规范的一部分，实现依赖于Web容器，如：ApplicationFilterChain类（Tomcat提供的FilterChain 的实现类）
Spring Interceptor是SpringMVC框架的一部分，由SpringMVC框架来提供实现。
Interceptor只能处理进入mvc的请求，不能处理静态资源

//简化后代码
public class HandlerExecutionChain {
 private final Object handler;
 private HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors;
 
 public void addInterceptor(HandlerInterceptor interceptor) {
  initInterceptorList().add(interceptor);
 }
 boolean applyPreHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
  HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
  if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
   for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
    HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
    if (!interceptor.preHandle(request, response, this.handler)) {
     triggerAfterCompletion(request, response, null);
     return false;
    }
   }
  }
  return true;
 }
 void applyPostHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, ModelAndView mv) throws Exception {
  HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
  if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
   for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
    HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
    interceptor.postHandle(request, response, this.handler, mv);
   }
  }
 }
 void triggerAfterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex)
   throws Exception {
  HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = getInterceptors();
  if (!ObjectUtils.isEmpty(interceptors)) {
   for (int i = this.interceptorIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
    HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
    try {
     interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, this.handler, ex);
    } catch (Throwable ex2) {
     logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", ex2);
    }
   }
  }
 }
}