配置文件

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配置文件优先级

配置文件

application.yaml

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person:
  lastname: VV
  name: vvf${person.lastname}
  sex: 1
  habits:
    - ball
    - aaaa
  secret: ${random.value}
  number: ${random.int}
  bigNum: ${random.long}
  uuid: ${random.uuid}
  less10: ${random.int(10)}
  range: ${random.int[1024,65525]}

注入属性

解析配置文件到自定义类的两种方式：

  • 使用@ConfigurationProperties
  • 使用@Value

@ConfigurationProperties

实体类Person
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@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Component
public class Person {
    String name;
    Integer sex;

    List<String> habits;

    public List<String> getHabits() {
        return habits;
    }

    public void setHabits(List<String> habits) {
        this.habits = habits;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex=" + sex +
                ", habits=" + habits +
                '}';
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(Integer sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

使用@Value

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@Component
public class Person2 {
    @Value("${person.name}")
    String name;
    @Value("${person.sex}")
    Integer sex;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", sex=" + sex +
                '}';
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(Integer sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

测试类

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@SpringBootTest
class ApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    Person p;
    @Autowired
    Person2 p2;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        System.out.println(p);
        System.out.println(p2);
    }
}

对比@ConfigurationProperties 和 @Value

使用表达式

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@Value("#{10+1}")
Integer age;

JSR303数据校验

pom

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<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
    <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
// 给validation-api提供实现
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>

类添加注解@Validated

字段添加注解@Email等具体验证

注意字段要有getter、setter方法

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@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Component
@Validated
public class Person {
    String name;
    Integer sex;
    @Email
    String email;
    ...
}

多环境配置

使用随机数

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@Value("${person.number}")
Integer number;
//@Value("${person.}")
@Value("${person.secret}")
String secret;
@Value("${person.bigNum}")
Long bigNum;
@Value("${person.uuid}")
String uuid;

@Value("${person.less10}")
Integer less10;

@Value("${person.range}")
Integer range;

多环境配置

分文件多环境配置

resources文件夹下配置多个文件
application-dev.ymal
application-test.ymal
application-prod.ymal
application.ymal

在application.ymal中配置

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spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev # 启用application-dev.ymal

单一文件多环境配置

  • 不同配置使用—分隔
  • active 标志启用
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    spring:
      profiles: dev
    server:
      port: 8091
    --- 
    spring:
      profiles:
        active: test # 启用test配置
    server:
      port: 8092
    ---
    spring:
      profiles: prod
    server:
      port: 8093

配置文件位置优先级

  • file :./config/
  • file :./
  • classpath:/config/
  • classpath:/
    classpath:resource文件夹